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ÌÅÍÞ
| Regional variation of pronunciation in the south-west of England|> [e]: | | | |bind [ben] | | | |blind [blen] | | | |find [ven] | | | |grind [gren] | | | |“i” before “ld” | | |Eastern | | | |> [i:]: | | | |mild [mi:ld] | | | |wild [wi:ld] | | | |child [t??ld] | | |“i” in the open syllable | |South-Western |Southern | | |> [e?]: |> [e?]: | | |fly [fle?] |bide [be?d] | | |lie [le?] |wide [we?d] | | |thigh [?e?] |time [te?m] | | |Eastern | | | |> [ ?]: | | | |fly [fl ?] | | | |lie [l ?] | | | |“o” in the closed syllable followed by a consonant | |South-Western | |Eastern | |> [a:]: | |> [ ]: | |dog [da:g] | |cot [k t] | |cross [kra:s] | |bottom [b tm] | | | |dog [d g] | | | |cross [kr s] | | | |Western | | | |> [a:]: | | | |dog [da:g] | | | |cross [kra:s] | |“o” + a nasal consonant | |North-Western |Western |Western | |> [æ]: |> [æ]: | | |among [?’mæ?] |among [?’mæ?] |among [?’mæ?] | |long [læ?] |long [læ?] |long [læ?] | |wrong [ræ?] |wrong [ræ?] |wrong [ræ?] | |“ol” + a consonant | | |Western |Western | | |> [u?]: |> [u?]: | | |gold [gv?ld] |gold [gv?ld] | | |old [u?ld] |old [u?ld] | |“o” in the open syllable and “oa” | | |Western | | | |> [ ]: | | | |bone [b n] | | | |broad [br d] | | | |rope [r p] | | | |load [l d] | | | |“oi” | | | | |> [a?]: | | | |choice [t?a?s] | | | |join [d(a?n] | | | |moil [ma?l] | | | |point [pa?nt] | | | |spoil [spa?l] | | | |voice [va?s] | |“u” in the closed syllable | |Southern | | | |> [e]: | | | |but [bet] | | | |dust [dest] | | | |“ou” / ”ow” | | | |Easter | | | |> [av]: | | | |low [lav] | | | |owe [au] | |“oo” | |North-Western |Western |Middle/Eastern | |> [?]: |> [ö]: |> [ ]: | |good [g?d] |book [bök] |book [b k] | |hood [h?d] |cook [kök] |brook [br k] | |foot [f?t] |crook [krök] |crook [kr k] | |blood [bl?d] |look [lök] |look [l k] | |stood [st?d] |took [tök] |took [t k] | |bloom [bl?m] |good [göd] |good [g d] | |broom [br?m] |foot [föt] |foot [f t] | |moon [m?n] |stood [stöd] |soot [s t] | |loom [l?m] | |flood [fl d] | |Eastern | | | |> [ ]: | | | |book [b k] | | | |brook [br k] | | | |crook [kr k] | | | |“i” in the open syllable | |South-western |Southern | | |> [e?]: |> [e?]: | | |fly [fle?] |bide [be?d] | | |lie [le?] |wide [we?d] | | |thigh [?e?] |time [te?m] | | |Eastern | | | |> [ ?]: | | | |fly [fl ?] | | | |lie [l ?] | | | |“o” in the closed syllable followed by a consonant | |South-western | |Eastern | |> [a:]: | |> [ ]: | |dog [da:g] | |cot [k t] | |cross [kra:s] | |bottom [b tm] | | | |dog [d g] | | | |cross [kr s] | | | |Western | | | |> [a:]: | | | |dog [da:g] | | | |cross [kra:s] | |Devonshire |Somersetshire |Wiltshire | |“o” + a nasal consonant | |North-western |Western |Western | |> [æ]: among [?’mæ?], long [læ?], wrong [wræ?] | |“ol” + a consonant | | |Western |Western | | |> [u?l]: gold [gv?ld], old [u?ld] | |“oa” | | |Western | | | |> [ ]: | | | |bone [b n] | | | |broad [br d] | | | |rope [r p] | | | |load [l d] | | | |“oi” | | | | |> [a?]: | | | |choice [t?a?s] | | | |join [d(a?n] | | | |moil [ma?l] | | | |point [pa?nt] | | | |spoil [spa?l] | | | |voice [va?s] | |“u” in the closed syllable | |Southern | | | |> [e]: | | | |but [bet] | | | |dust [dest] | | | |“ou”/“ow” | | | |Easter | | | |> [av]: | | | |low [lav] | | | |owe [au] | |“oo” | |North-Western |Western |Middle/Eastern | |> [?]: |> [ö]: |> [ ]: | |good [g?d] |book [bök] |book [b k] | |hood [h?d] |cook [kök] |brook [br k] | |foot [f?t] |crook [krök] |crook [kr k] | |blood [bl?d] |look [lök] |look [l k] | |stood [st?d] |took [tök] |took [t k] | |bloom [bl?m] |good [göd] |good [g d] | |broom [br?m] |foot [föt] |foot [f t] | |moon [m?n] |stood [stöd] |soot [s t] | |loom [l?m] | |flood [fl d] | |root [r?t] | | | |spoon [sp?n] | | | |Eastern | | | |> [ ]: | | | |book [b k] | | | |brook [br k] | | | |crook [kr k] | | | |look [l k] | | | |“er”, “ir”, “ur” | | |Southern | | | |> [a:]: | | | |learn [la:n] | | | |earth [a:?] | | | |bird [ba:d] | | | |birch [ba:t?] | | | |merchant [’ma:t??nt] | | | |herb [ha:b] | | | |work [wa:k] | | |“or” | | |> [a:]: fork [fa:k], horse [ha:s], horn [ha:n], | | |short [?a:t], | | | Morning [’ma:n??], word [wa:d] | |“ew” | |Eastern | |Northern | |> [ü:]: | |> [jav]: | |dew [dü:] | |dew [djau] | |few [fü:] | |few [fjau] | | | |new [njau] | | | |2. Consonantism | |[w] in the beginning of the word or before “h” | |old [w l] | |[w] is not pronounced: | |oak [w k] | |week [ouk] | |hot [w t] | |swick [su:k] | |home [w m] | | | |orchard [wurt??t] | | | |hole [hwul] | | | |hope [hwup] | | | |open [’wupen] | | | |“w” before “r” | |is not pronounced |Western |is not pronounced | | |> [vr]: | | | |wreck, wren, wrench, | | | |wrap, write, wrong | | | |e.g. Ye vratch, ye’ve | | | |vrutten that a’vrang. | | | |(= You wretch, you’ve | | | |written that all wrong.)| | |“wh” at the beginning of a word is [w], [u:], [u?] | |in the middle of a word [w] is pronounced | |boy [bwo], moist [mw ?st], toad [twud], cool [kwul], country [’kw?ntr?] | |“f”, “th”, “s”, “sh” are voiced | |Friday [’vræ:d?], friends [vr?n(], fleas [vle:z], and in the these words: | |foe, father, fair, fear, find, fish, foal, full, follow, filth, fist, fire, | |fond, fault, feast, force, forge, fool. | |[?]: thought [ð :t], thick [ð?k], thigh [ða?], and in the words: from, | |freeze, fresh, free, friend, frost, frog, froth, flesh, fly flock, flood, | |fleece, fling, flower, fail. | |“t” at the beginning of the word before a vowel | |Nothern | | | |> [t?]: | | | |team [t?em], | | | |tune [t?un], | | | |Tuesday [’t?uzde] | | | |East D “t” in the middle| | | |of the word is voiced: | | | |bottle [’b dl], | | | |kettle [’kedl], | | | |little [’l?dl], | | | |nettle [’nedl], | | | |bottom [’b dm], | | | |matter [’med?], | | | |cattle [’k dl], | | | |kittens [k?dnz] | | | |“t” in the middle of the word is voiced | | | |Western | | | |bottle [’b dl], | | | |kettle [’kedl], | | | |little [’l?dl], | | | |nettle [’nedl], | | | |bottom [’b dm], | | | |matter [’med?], | | | |cattle [’k dl], | | | |kittens [k?dnz] | |The consonant [t] in (the French borrowings) hasn’t become [t?] as it is in | |RP: | |picture [’p?kt?r], nature [’net?r], feature [’f??t?r] | |the middle [t] sometimes disappears in the positions before “m…l”, “n…l”, | |“m…r” | | |Western | | | |brimstone [’br?msn] | | | |empty [’emp?] | | | |The same happens to the | | | |middle [b]: | | | |chamber > chimmer, | | | |embers > emmers, | | | |brambles > brimmels | | |between “l” and “r”; “r” and “l”; “n” and “r” a parasitic [d] has developed | |parlour [’pa:ld?r], tailor [’ta?ld?r], smaller [’sm :ld?r], curls | |[’ka:dlz], hurl [’a:dl], marl [’ma:dl], quarrel [’kw :dl], world [’wa:dl], | |corner [’ka:nd?r] | | | |Western | | | |a parasitic [d] appeared| | | |after [l, n, r]: | | | |feel [fi:ld] | | | |school [sku:ld] | | | |idle [a?dld] | | | |mile [ma?dl] | Ñòðàíèöû: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 |
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