Экзаменационные билеты за 1 семестр 2001 года по предмету: Искусство речи на английском языке. Американский английский

150. What type of relations between paragraphs do the following linking

words express: so-

151. What type of relations between paragraphs do the following linking

words express: besides -

152. Give a plain English equivalent: persons-

153. Give a plain English equivalent: interim (noun)

154. Give a plain English equivalent: pursuant to

155. Complete the sentence: The definition of the problem is a question ...

156. Complete the sentence: The structure of a report becomes visible in

...

157. Complete the sentence: In a policy making report you try to tell ...

158. Complete the sentence: A paragraph is ...

159. Complete the sentence: The foreword is used to ...

160. Complete the sentence: The table of contents offers the reader a

possibility to ...

161. Complete the sentence: The table of contents reflects ...

162. Provide an official term with the following meaning: repay -

163. Provide an official term with the following meaning: need, have to,

require -

164. Provide an official term with the following meaning: cut -

165. Provide an official term with the following meaning: carry out, do

166. Provide an official term with the following meaning: right -

167. Provide an official term with the following meaning: evidence, proof,

support -

168. Provide an official term with the following meaning: set up, create,

form -

169. Provide an official term with the following meaning: send, give -

170. Below you will find a definition of the problem. Indicate whether it

is descriptive, evaluative or policy-making. In the case of a

descriptive definition of the problem also indicate the subtype.

How has the American market for company software developed in the past

ten years and how big is the market share of the ten most important

manufacturers?

171. Below you will find a definition of the problem. Indicate whether it

is descriptive, evaluative or policy-making. In the case of a

descriptive definition of the problem also indicate the subtype.

How attractive is car leasing for the self-employed?

172. Below you will find a definition of the problem. Indicate whether it

is descriptive, evaluative or policy-making. In the case of a

descriptive definition of the problem also indicate the subtype.

What is the reason for the alarming increase of environmental

pollution?

173. Below you will find a definition of the problem. Indicate whether it

is descriptive, evaluative or policy-making. In the case of a

descriptive definition of the problem also indicate the subtype.

What approach should governments adopt to decrease international

terrorism?

174. Below you will find a definition of the problem. Indicate whether it

is descriptive, evaluative or policy-making. In the case of a

descriptive definition of the problem also indicate the subtype.

What has been the increase in the market share of foreign car dealers

in Japan for the last 2 years?

175. Below you will find a definition of the problem. Indicate whether it

is descriptive, evaluative or policy-making. In the case of a

descriptive definition of the problem also indicate the subtype.

Why has the number of drug addicts in the USA increased by 18% since

1997?

176. Below you will find a definition of the problem. Indicate whether it

is descriptive, evaluative or policy-making. In the case of a

descriptive definition of the problem also indicate the subtype.

How effective is the new law, which was ratified by the Russian

parliament more than 5 months ago in order to reduce corruption?

177. Below you will find a definition of the problem. Indicate whether it

is descriptive, evaluative or policy-making. In the case of a

descriptive definition of the problem also indicate the subtype.

What will be the share of Japanese products in the American market in

the next 3 years?

178. Translate into English: определение проблемы

179. Translate into English: наблюдение за соблюдением законов

180. Translate into English: таможня

181. Translate into English: наконец

182. Translate into English: прямой порядок слов

183. Translate into English: данное выражение

184. Translate into Russian: accordingly

185. Translate into Russian: subsequently

186. Translate into Russian: correspondingly

187. Translate into Russian: similarly

188. Translate into Russian: as a result

189. Translate into Russian: basically

190. Translate into Russian: therefore

191. Give both the American and British spellings of the following Russian

words: честь; вкус; литр; центр; телеграмма.

192. Define when the definite article the with the word «hospital» is used

and not used in American and British English.

193. Define when the definite article the with the word «kindergarten» is

used and not used in American and British English.

194. Define when the definite article the with the word «school» is used

and not used in American and British English.

195. Define when the definite article the with the word «college» is used

and not used in American and British English.

196. Define when the definite article the with the word «university» is

used and not used in American and British English.

197. List the personal pronouns when the modal verb «will» is used in

America.

198. The modal verb «shall» in England is used:

199. List the personal pronouns when the modal verb «will» is used in

England.

200. Describe the difference in verb conjugation for plural group nouns in

England and America.

201. Give an American and a British translation to the Russian phrase:

Обе футбольные команды играют в высшей лиге 10 лет.

202. Give the equivalent to one centimeter in inches.

203. Give the equivalent to one mile in feet.

204. Give the equivalent to one gallon in pints.

205. Give the equivalent to one pint in cups.

206. Give the equivalent to one quart in gallons.

207. Give the equivalent to one pint in quarts.

208. Show the formula to translate Fahrenheit into Celsius.

209. Give the equivalent in American pounds to one British tonne.

210. Give the equivalent of one British stone in American pounds.

211. Translate the sentence into American English:

Мы провели в Италии 2 недели.

212. Translate the sentence into American English:

Она сказала, что познакомилась с ним в прошлом году.

213. Translate the sentence into American English:

Воспользуйтесь лифтом.

214. Give an American and a British translation to the Russian phrase:

Я думал, ты наконец-то избавился от того ужасного свитера.

215. Give an American and a British translation to the Russian phrase:

Работа займет у нас полтора месяца.

216. Give an American and a British translation to the Russian phrase:

Она сообщила, что собрание состоится завтра в 5 часов.

217. Give an American and a British translation to the Russian phrase:

Они живут на третьем этаже.

218. Give an American and a British translation to the Russian phrase:

Скажите мне, сколько студентов в этой группе?

219. Give an American and a British translation to the Russian phrase:

Они сказали мне, что встреча намечена на следующую среду.

220. Give an American and a British translation to the Russian phrase:

Правительство обсуждает проблему безработицы.

221. List the British monetary coin units in order from least to most in

monetary worth.

222. List the American monetary coin units in order from least to most in

monetary worth.

223. List the American monetary coin units in order of size from smallest

to largest in diameter.

224. Give the American equivalent to the British «quid.»

225. Give the British equivalent to the American «buck.»

226. Give the history of the slang phrase «buck» in America.

227. List the bank note (paper money) denominations used in the United

States.

228. Explain how men’s pants, slacks, and jeans are measured in the United

States.

229. Explain how men’s dress shirts and other shirts are measured in the

United States.

230. Explain how men’s shoes and socks are measured in the United States.

231. Give the American and British equivalent to the Russian phrase:

Я дам ему в глаз!

232. Give the American and British equivalent to the Russian phrase:

Оплата принимается вперед.

233. Give the American and British equivalent to the Russian phrase:

Твоя новая шляпа просто классная!

234. Give the American and British equivalent to the Russian phrase:

Мама пошла в аптеку за лекарством, которое тебе просто необходимо.

235. Give the American and British equivalent to the Russian phrase:

Мы сидели за стойкой бара и болтали.

236. Give the American and British equivalent to the Russian phrase:

Если не поторопишься, мы опоздаем на автобус.

237. Give the American and British equivalent to the Russian phrase:

Она показала нам, что мы для нее ничего не значим.

238. Give the American and British equivalent to the Russian phrase:

Вчера папа привез нам на дачу новую электроплиту.

239. Give the American and British equivalent to the Russian phrase:

Сестра пошла на рынок, чтобы купить кабачок.

240. Give the American and British equivalent to the Russian phrase:

Такого не может быть, что в течение 3 часов я звонил на работу, было

занято.

241. Give the American and British equivalent to the Russian phrase:

Если картошки не достаточно, то возьми в кладовой.

242. Give the American and British equivalent to the Russian phrase:

Наташа, помоги брату накрыть на стол.

243. Give the American and British equivalent to the Russian phrase:

Мое свадебное платье лежит в коробке на чердаке.

244. Give the American and British equivalent to the Russian phrase:

Все товары уже загрузили в грузовик.

245. Give the American and British equivalent to the Russian phrase:

Я считаю, что Женя, родившаяся в рубашке, не может избежать

неприятностей.

246. Give the American and British equivalent to the Russian phrase:

Малыш плачет. Мне кажется, что надо поменять ему подгузники.

247. Give the American and British equivalent to the Russian phrase:

Я умираю от голода! Давай зайдем в закусочную.

248. Give the American and British equivalent to the Russian phrase:

Перед тем, как подать на стол консервированные персики, удали из них

косточки.

249. Give the American and British equivalent to the Russian phrase:

Мне очень нравится сельдь, приготовленная с майонезом.

250. Give the American and British equivalent to the Russian phrase:

Чтобы быстро перекусить, можно растворить кубик бульона.

251. List the questions that should be answered in the first two paragraphs

in media English or newspaper articles.

252. Define sub-dialect.

253. Define sub-subdialect.

254. Explain why dialects occur.

255. Explain the influence(s) that Quebec has(have) on North American

English.

256. List Canada’s dialects.

257. Describe the subdialect of the Appalachians in the United States.

258. Describe the subdialect of the Southern United States.

259. Describe the subdialect of Texas.

260. Describe the subdialect of the Rocky Mountain/West Coast area of the

United States.

261. Describe the subdialect of Hawaii.

262. Give a synonym for the word «district» which is only used in New York

City.

263. Describe the sub-subdialects of New York City.

264. Describe the sub-subdialect of Chicago.

265. Describe the sub-subdialect of Boston.

266. Describe the sub-subdialect of Washington, D.C.

267. Name the chief distinguishing feature which divides England into a

North and South dialect.

268. Name the area(s) in England where you may hear the following word

order: ...give me it.

269. Name the area(s) in England where you may hear the following word

order: ...give it me.

270. Name the area(s) in England where you may hear the following word

order: ...give it to me.

271. Name the area(s) in England where you may hear the following word

order: ...give me.

272. Define «Scots language.»

273. Define the Scottish vowel-length rule.

274. Define the velar fricative which is used in Scotland.

275. Define the glottal stop which is used in Scotland.

276. In the Scottish dialect, give the plural for the following singular

nouns: leaf, eye, knife, shoes.

277. Show the three forms (present, past, perfect tenses) of the following

verbs in the Scottish dialect: to go, to hang, to laugh.

278. Describe auxiliary verb usage in the Scottish dialect.

279. List the languages that influence the Scottish dialect.

280. Translate the following sentence from the Shetland dialect into modern

English: Da twa languages melled tagidder to mak da tongue we caa

Shetlandic; diswis English-osed by da Kirk, da laacoorts an id skols.

281. Describe the history of the Welsh dialect of the English language.

282. Name the letter-sound that does not exist in the Welsh dialect of

English.

283. Explain tag question usage in the Welsh dialect of English.

284. Describe the history of the Irish dialect of the English language.

285. Show how the th fricative is pronounced in the Irish dialect of the

English language.

286. Describe the rule in pronunciation (transcription) for the consonant

clusters «st, sn, sl» in the Irish dialect of the English dialect.

Give at least two examples of each (6 words) consonant cluster and

show their Irish pronunciation.

287. Describe the use of the word after in the Irish dialect of the English

language.

288. Describe the use of the auxiliary verb ‘to be’ in the Irish dialect of

the English language.

289. Describe the use of the prepositions ‘on’, ‘of’ and ‘from’ in the

Irish dialect of the English language.

290. Show the equivalent of the subordinate clause markers ‘when’, ‘while’,

and ‘if’ in the Irish dialect of the English language.

291. Give the suffix used in the Irish dialect of the English language used

to express the diminutive, or smallness.

292. List the areas of the world where Hiberno-English is used or

influences the English language.

293. Describe the use of the word whenever used in Ulster (Ireland), New

Zealand and Australia.

294. Describe the history of Caribbean English.

295. Translate the following sentence from English into Caribbean English:

The fish was caught yesterday.

296. Translate the following sentence from English into Caribbean English:

Are you drinking coffee?

297. Describe the ‘Creole Hypothesis’ in the Caribbean.

298. Define Creole.

299. Define Pidgin.

300. According to Caribbean Creole, explain verb conjugation in the present

tense.

301. According to Caribbean Creole, explain adverb usage.

302. According to Caribbean Creole, explain how possession is expressed.

303. Describe the usage of the singular third person pronouns (he/she) in

West African Pidgins.

304. According to Caribbean Creole, explain how continuous actions (present

continuous, past continuous verb constructions) are expressed.

305. According to Caribbean Creole, explain how completed actions (past

indefinite verb constructions) are expressed.

306. According to Caribbean Creole, explain how verb negation is expressed.

307. Describe Australian English.

308. Describe the influence(s) of Aborigines on the Australian dialect of

the English language.

309. List the four influences on the New Zealand dialect of the English

language.

310. Define Maori.

311. Besides the Australian dialect, name one more additional English

dialect that presently affects the New Zealand dialect.

312. Explain how the Maori language affects the New Zealand dialect.

313. Name the influences on the English language in South Africa.

314. Define Anglikaans.

315. Explain the use of ‘yes’ and ‘no’ in the South African dialect of the

English language.

316. Describe the history of South African Indian English.

317. Name two English dialects where reduplication of one word is used to

show emphasis or plural.

318. Name the English dialect where the verb is often found in the end

position (at the end of the sentence).

319. Explain how North Americans pronounce the closed vowel a-sound.

320. Compare the -lk- combination in regard to pronunciation between the

North Americans and British.

321. Compare the -tu- combination in regard to pronunciation between the

North Americans and British.

322. Compare the -du- combination in regard to pronunciation between the

North Americans and British.

323. Compare the sch- combination in regard to pronunciation between the

North Americans and British.

324. List the areas in North America where French influences the North

American dialect.

325. List the areas in North America where Spanish influences the North

American dialect.

326. List the areas in North America where Japanese influences the North

American dialect.

327. List the Areas in North America where Polynesian influences the North

American dialect.

328. Name the area in North America where the speech rapidity is the

quickest.

329. Name the area in North America where the speech rapidity is the

slowest.

330. Define ‘Tex-Mex’.

331. Explain what influences English in the state of Louisiana.

332. Explain what influences English in the state of Florida.

333. Explain why the following statement is false: The Rocky Mountain/West

Coast area of the United States is the only subdialect without an

accent.

334. Give a proper answer to the following question in the Irish dialect:

Will you turn the light off?

335. Explain how questions are asked using the Caribbean dialect of the

English language.

336. Explain why a verb may be brought to the front of a sentence in the

Western African dialect of the English language.

337. Describe how nouns are made plural in the Caribbean dialect of the

English language.

338. Explain why and which dialects use multiple negation in sentence

structure.

339. Explain how the past tense of a verb is shown in Caribbean Creole.

340. Define Affixes.

341. Give the two main distinctive features in defining an Australian

accent.

342. Define Tasmanian English.

343. Define ‘evening’ as it is used in Queensland, Australia.

344. Name the dialect of the English language which contains the most loan

words from Polynesian languages.

345. Besides Maori, name two more foreign languages that have given loan

words to the New Zealand dialect.

346. Of all English speaking countries, name the only country where English

is spoken by the minority of the population.

347. Compare the /r/ sound in closed syllables between the North American

and British pronunciations.

348. Name the foreign languages that effect speech in Alaska.

349. List the areas in England where one might hear «He ain’t here.» for

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